Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Hypocalcaemia secondary to post-operative hypoparathyroidism is a recognised complication of thyroid surgery with reported rates of up to 75%. Little guidance exists on the appropriate management of post-operative hypocalcaemia and individual clinicians may develop their own preferred management strategies based on past experience. However, delay in restoring normocalcaemia may increase length of hospital stay and patient morbidity.Aims: i)...

Background: Insulinoma is the most common cause of hypoglycaemia due to endogenous hyperinsulinemia. However, they can sometimes present with atypical features. Some of the patients can also develop serious adverse effects to medical treatment. We present a case with atypical features and further developed serious adverse effects with medical treatment for insulinoma.Case presentation: A 42-year-old Caucasian female presented with recurr...

Introduction: LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults), is defined by the association of diabetes after 30 years, the presence of antibodies against pancreatic beta cells and the non-use of insulin therapy within 6 months of diagnosis. Graves’ disease is the first cause of hyperthyroidism associating thyrotoxicosis, goiterand exophthalmos with a prevalence 5 times higher in women.Case report: 37-year-old female patient with no notable history, la...

Introduction: Bariatric surgery was shown to treat obesity and decrease cardiovascular risk such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension. In individuals living with HIV, bariatric surgery can alter oral bioavailability of anti-viral therapy through its impact on the intestinal pH, intestinal transit time and first pass mechanism. This can have adverse impact on CD4 count and viral load (VL). Nevertheless, numerous studies highlight that bariatric surgery does not hav...

Background: Graves’ disease (GD) is the commonest cause of primary hyperthyroidism in iodine-sufficient areas. First-line treatment is a 12-18 month course of anti-thyroid drugs (ATD). However, around 50% of GD patients will relapse, requiring further assessment and definitive treatment with radioactive iodine or thyroidectomy. Identifying risk factors that predict relapse or treatment failure after stopping ATD is important in guiding management. Several risk factors hav...

Introduction: Neonatal hypoglycaemia (NH) is a well-recognized cause of adverse neurological outcomes. While hypoglycaemic brain injury is well reported in the literature there is limited data on the effect of neonatal hypoglycaemia solely with other risk factors for brain injury excluded. The aim of study was to evaluate the long-term outcome in patients with a history of symptomatic NH and no other risk factors of brain injury.Methodology: This retrosp...

Objectives: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) remains a life-threatening emergency. An updated protocol was introduced in Sligo general hospital in 2009 to standardise DKA management. The aim of this study was to audit current practice against the protocol standards.Methods: Clinical notes of all adult patients admitted with DKA between July 2009 and June 2012 were analysed and retrospectively audited against the protocol.Results: Fifty-...

Background: Graves’ disease (GD) is the commonest cause of primary hyperthyroidism. First-line treatment involves 12-18 months of anti-thyroid drugs (ATD). Subsequently, around 50% of patients will relapse, requiring definitive treatment. Identifying risk factors that predict relapse or treatment failure can guide management. We aimed to explore risk factors that identify patients at high risk of relapse or medical treatment failure, to allow prioritisati...

Background: Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemia (HH) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is rare. Patients typically present with post-prandial hypoglycaemia >1 year after surgery and once weight loss has plateaued. Despite multiple treatment options, the management of these patients remains challenging.Clinical case: A 31-year-old female was referred for bariatric surgery with a BMI of 41.4 kg/m2. In the year preceding the r...

Introduction: There are emerging reports showing the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Covid-19 and adrenal insufficiency. This was attributed to thrombotic events and necrosis, leading to hypoadrenalism. The HIV virus can also lead to Addison”s disease due to destruction of adrenal gland. Prevalence of adrenal infarction with COVID-19 was found to be 23% and 88% this was shown to be affecting both adrenal glands. Case report:...